IMPORTANT QUESTION OF HISTORY FOR PSU(PART-1)

ANCIENT INDIA

1->  INDUS VALLEY CIVILISATION BELONGS TO BRONZE AGE OR CHALEOLITHIC AGE

2->  HARRAPA WAS FOUND ON THE BANK OF RIVER RAVI(in 1921)

3->  HARRAPA WAS FOUND UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF DAYARAM SAHNI

4->  MOHANJODARO WAS FOUND ON THE BANK OF RIVER INDUS(SINDHU) UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF R.D.BANERGEE(in 1922)

5->  KALIBANGAN WAS FOUND ON THE  BANK OF RIVER SARASWATI(in 1953)

6->  DOCKYARD OF LOTHAL IS THE LARGEST STRUCTURE OF WHOLE INDUS CIVILISATION.IT LOTAHL IS IN GUJRAT.

7->  THE LARGEST NUMBER OF SITES HAS BEEN FOUND IN GUJRAT (12 sites)

8->  THE PEOPLE OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILISATION WERE NOT AWARE OF IRON.

9->  IN MOHANJODARO A STRUCRURE HAS BEEN FOUND KNOWN AS GREAT BATH.IT WAS A RELIGIOUS  PLACE

10->UPNISHAD IS CALLED END OF VEDA

11->RIGVEDA CONTAINS 1028 HYUMNS .IT IS DIVIDED IN TO 10 MANDALH

12->MANDALH 3 CONTAINS GAYATRI MANTRA .MANDALH 3 HAS BEEN INCLUDED IN TO WORLD HERITAGE LIST NY UNESCO

13->SAMA VEDA  KNOWN AS 1ST BOOK OF INDIAN MUSIC OR 1ST BOOK OF MELODY

14->YAJUR VEDA 1ST INDIAN BOOK OF MATHEMATICS OR ASTRONOMY

15->ATHAR VEDA 1ST INDIAN BOOK OF MEDICINE

16->THERE IS TOTAL 108 UPANISHAD ARE PRESENT

17->THE WORD "SATYAMEVA JAYATE" HAS BEEN TAKEN FROM "MUNDAKA UPANISHAD"

18->"KATH UPANISHAD" CONTAINS DIALOUGE B/W "YAMA AND NACHIKETA"

19->REGVEDA CONTAINS MAXIMUM HYMNS FOR LORD "INDRA"(250 ymns)

20->"VARNA"  SYSTEM HAS BEEN DISCRIBED IN MANDALH 10 OF "REGVEDA"

21->SIDDHARTH KNOWN AS "GAUTAM BUDDH" BORN IN LUMBANI NOW IN NEPAL IN 563 BC

22->HIS MOTHER NAME WAS MAHAMAYA SHE DIED AFTER BIRTH OF SIDDHARTH

23->SIDDHARTH FOSTER MOTHER'S NAME WAS PRAJAPATI GAUTAMI

24->SIDDHARTH LEARNT MEDITATION WITH THE HELP OF ALARAKALMA

25->IN GAYA SIDDHARTH OBTAINED INLIGHTENMENT

26->IN SARNATH(UP)BUDDAH DELIVERED HIS 1ST SERMAN

27->BUDDAH DIED IN KUSHINAGAR IN 483 BC

28->BUDDAH GAVE EIGHT FOLD PATH/MIDDLE PATH/ASTANGIKA MARG

29->1ST DISCIPLE OF BUDDAH WAS ANAND

30->1ST BUDDHIST COUNCIL WAS CONDUCTED IN RAJGIR(483 BC) CHAIRMAN WAS MAHAKASSAPA AND PATRON KING WAS AJATSHATRU.

31->TWO HOLY BOOKS SUTTA PITTAK AND VINAY PITTAK WAS COMPILED IN 1ST BUDDHIST COUNCIL

32->2ND BUDDHIST COUNCIL WAS CONDUCTED IN VAISHALI AND PATRON KING WAS KALASOKA.HERE TWO IDEOLOGY EMWRGED THERA VADI(old) AND MAHASANGHIKA.

33->3RD BUDDHIST COUNCIL WAS HELD AT TISSA ANS PATRON KING WAS ASHOK.HERE COMPILATION OF 3RD BUDDHIST HOLY BOOK  "ABHIDHAMMA PITAK" TOOK PLACE

34->4TH BUDDHIST COUNCIL WAS HELD AT KASHMIR AND WAS PARTONIZED BY THE KING KANISHAKA.HERE BUDDAH RELIGION DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS HINAYAN(symbol worship) AND MAHAYANA(ideal worship)

35->1ST ROYAL FOLLLOWER OF MAHAYANA WAS KANISHAKA.

36->SUTTA PITAK CONTAINS SERMONS OF BUDDAH .ONE PART IS JATAK STORIES IT GIVES MORAL LESSON.

37->VIANY PITAK CONATINS CODE OF CONDUCT FOR MONKS SANGH

38->ALL THREE HOLY BOOKS OF BAUDDAH RELIGION IS KNOWN AS TRIPITAKA.

39->RISHAVHDEVA WAS IST TIRTHANKARA OF JAIN.

40->MAHAVIR WAS 23RD TIRTHANKARA OF JAIN.HE IS KNOWN AS REAL FOUNDER OF JAINISM.

41->MAHAVIR BORN IN KUNDAGRAM(VAISHALI)IN 450 BC.AND DIED IN PAVAPURI.

42->GAVE FIVE PRINCIPLES OR PANCHMAHAVRATA OR ANUVRATA.JAINISM PHILOSPY IS BASED ON "SYADAVADA"(MEANS MAY BE)

OR ANEKANTAVADA.

43->MAHAPADMA NANDA WAS FONDER OF NANDA DYNASTY.

44->BATTLE OF JHELUM B/W ALEXANDER(SIKANDAR) AND KING PORUS.

45->CHANDRA GUPTA MAURYA WAS THE FOUNDER OF MAURYA DYNASTY.HE DEFEATED NANDA KING UNDER THE SUPERVISION AND GUIDENCE OF KAUTILYA.

46->A BOOK CALLED "MUDRARAKASHASA"(in sanskrit) WRITTEN BY "VISHAKHADATTA.

47->"MEGASTHENAGE" A GREEK  AMBASSADOR WROTE THE BOOK "INDICA".

48->CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA BECAME THE FOLLOWER OF JAINISN AN ACCOMPAINED WITH "BHADRABAHU".HE WENT TO "SHRANVANBELAGOLA"(karnatka) WHERE STONE OF LOARD GOMATESHWARE IS PRESENT.

49->BINDUSAR TOOK TITLE AMITROGHATA .HE WAS THE FATHER OF ASHOK.

50->IN 260 BC ASHOKA FOUGHT KALINGA(coastal area of orissa) WAR.

51->"ASHOKA" CONVERTED TO BUDHISM BY A MONK "UPAGUPTA".

52->IN 1837 "JAMES PRINSEP" READ ITHE INSCRIPTION OF ASHOKAN PILLAR SUCCESSFULLY.ACCORDIND TO THIS ASHOKA NAME WAS DEVNAMA PIYADASSI.

53->MASKI EDICT (karnatka) TELL THE NAME ASHOKA.

54->ROCK EDICT 13 TELLS ABOUT THE KALINGA WAR.

55->ASHOK SENT HIS CHILDREN MAHENDRA AND SANGMITRA TO SRILANKA TO EXPAND BUDDHISM.

56->LAST MAURYAN KING WAS "BRIHADRA" WHO WAS KILLED BY HIS OWN ARMY GENERAL "PUSHYAMITRA SUNG".

57->"ARTHASHATRA" A BOOK ON POLITY WRITTEN BY KAUTALIYA/CHANKYA/VISHNUGUPTA.

58->ASHOKAN PILLAR CONTAINS 4 CHAKRA,4 ANIMAL RELATED TO BUDDAH LIFE BULL ,HOURSE,ELEPHANT,AND LION.

59->SARNATH(up) IS THE SOURCE OF OUR NATIONAL EMBLAME.

60->"PATANJALI" WROTE "YOGASITRA" AND "MAHABHASYA".

61->"PANINI" WROTE A BOOK "ASTADHYAYI" WHICH IS 1ST BOOK ON SANSKRIT GRAMMAR.

62->"JUNAGARH" INSCRIPTION 1ST EVER INSCRIPTION IN THE PUREST FORM OF SANSKRIT.

63->IN 78 AD SAKA ERA STARTED BY KANISHKA.

64->VIKRAM ERA STARTED IN 57 BC BY KING VIKRAMADITYA.

65->ASWAGHOSH WROTE A BOOK BUDDAH CHARITA IN SANSKRIT.

66->SUSHNTASMHITA A BBOK ON SURGERY WRITTEN BY CHARAK.

67->SAMADRAGUPTA KNOWN AS NEPOLEAN OF INDIA.

68->PRAYAG PRASHASTRI WRITTEN ON ALLAHABAD PILLER IN SANSKRIT.IT WAS COMPOSED BY HARISENA.

69->FAHIYAN CAME TO INDIA IN SEARCH OF ORIGINAL SCRCPTURE OF BUDDHISM.

70->KALIDAS WROTE BOOKS LIKE MALVIKAGNINMITRAM,RAGHUVANSMA,MEGHDOOT,KUMARASAMBHAVA,SHUKUNTALAM.

71->KALIDAS KNOWN AS SHAKESPEAR OF INDIA.

72->VISHNUSHRAMAN WROTE BOOK PANCHTANTARA.

73->HITOPADESH BY NARAYANSWAMI.

74->EARLIER NAME OF MAHABHARAT WAS JAISAMHITA.

75->VARAHAMIHIRA WROTE A BOOK PANCHSIDDHANTIKA.

76->SOMNATH AND DILWARA TEMPLES ARE JAIN TEMPLES AND WERE CONSTRUCTED BY SOLANKI DYNASTY OF GUJRAT.

77->KHAJURAHO TEMPLE BY CHENDLE DYNASTY.

78->JAGNNATH TEMPLE,MUKTHESWER TEMPLE,LINGRAJ,AND SON TEMPLE WERW CONSTRUCTED BY GANGA DYNASTY.

79->AJANTA PAINTINGS ARE BASED ON BIDDHISM.IT WAS PUBLIC ART.

80->ELLORA DEVLOPED BY RASHTRAKUTA DYNASTY.HERE HINDUSIM,BUDDHISM AND JAINISM TOUCH CAN BE FOUND.

81->HIEUN TSANG CAME INDIA AT THE TIME OF HARSHA PERIOD HE CAME FOR RELIGIOUS STUDY AT NALANDA.WROTE A BOOK "SIYUKI".

82->BANABHATTA WROTE HARSHACHARITA.

83->KAILASH TEMPLE CONSTRUCTED BY KRISHNA-1.